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Palaeotis weigelti is a flightless, “ratite”-like palaeognathous bird, which occurs in the Middle Eocene of the German fossil sites Messel and the Geisel Valley. The species is known from several specimens, most of which are, however, very fragmentary or poorly preserved. Its phylogenetic affinities are controversial, with earlier authors especially considering close affinities to Struthionidae and...
Remains of a large sarcopterygian were collected in the Middle-Late Devonian Zarand Formation of Southeastern Iran. These remains consist of incomplete jaw bones of uncertain identification, preserved in a dense and heterogeneous rock matrix. The use of CT scan microtomography and 3D visualization enabled unraveling their overall anatomy as well as the microstructure of one tooth. This large tooth...
A replacement name, Struvephacops nom. nov., is proposed for the Early Devonian phacopid trilobite Cultrops Struve, 1995. The name was preoccupied by the recent freshwater fish Cultrops Smith, 1938 (Actinopterygii, Cyprinodae), which in turn is considered as a junior synonym of Paralaubuca Bleeker, 1863.
European Late Miocene avian faunas are very insufficiently known. Until now, no Mio-Pliocene birds have been described from the eastern part of the Eastern Paratethys, and the entire record of birds from the Eastern Paratethys is restricted to several poorly described taxa from Ukraine and Moldova. Here we describe the remains of three bird species from the recently discovered Late Miocene vertebrate...
The fenestrate bryozoan Narynellanarynica (Nikiforova, 1933) shows high potential for stratigraphic correlation of the Mississippian deposits of Middle Asia. This species was recorded in the upper Tournaisian to lower Viséan deposits of Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan and at various localities in Kazakhstan. New material for N. narynica is described and type material for this species is formally designated.
In the Miocene, the talpid diversity was much higher than today. Especially the semifossorial and ambulatory moles were farther distributed and more common. Here, the talpids from the Bavarian fissure filling Petersbuch 28 (Early Miocene, MN 3) are described. The uropsiline Desmanella engesseri Ziegler, 1985 is the most frequent species, followed by Myxomygalehutchisoni (Ziegler, 1985), an urotrichine...
The first jaw remain of the Late Cretaceous eutherian Labes is a mandibular fragment from the Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian) locality Massecaps in Departement Herault in southwestern France. The mandible holds three double-rooted molars (m1–3) with broken trigonids and preserved talonids of which m1 apparently was the largest. The entoconid is slightly approximated to the hypoconulid (69–74 % of...
The Moroccan Atlas ranges provide sections that help reconstruct the earliest evolution of Paradoxides s.l. A fine-scale analysis of the basal part of the Jbel Wawrmast Formation in the eastern Anti-Atlas and comparisons with other sections in southern Morocco not only shows the abrupt appearance of Acadoparadoxides in nearly monofacial successions, but also illustrates a rapid diversification of...
The Olba vertebrate locality, discovered in 1974, was mentioned in several publications, but its fauna has never been studied. The locality is situated in the Sarrión Depression, on the road from La Escaleruela to Olba, and it is included in the lower unit of this depression, which unconformably covers the Jurassic-Cretaceous basement and the early Miocene deposits of the Rubielos de Mora graben....
The Middle and early Late Jurassic Qigu and Shishugou Formations of the southern and central Junggar Basin yielded teeth of theropods (Theropoda indet.), sauropods (Eusauropoda indet.), and stegosaurs. The dinosaur assemblage of the southern Junggar Basin is less diverse and is represented by smaller forms than in the central part of the basin. The microwear of the teeth of Eusauropoda indet. resembles...
Corkscrew-shaped horizontal burrows are reported from the Rhenish Lower Devonian (Upper Emsian) of the Lower Mosel area. The trace fossils most probably represent dwelling burrows of vermiform organisms and are attributed to the ichnotaxon Helicodromites aff. mobilis Berger, 1957. The palaeoenvironmental setting of this occurrence is briefly discussed, and a shallow-marine, storm-influenced deposit...
We describe a new toxodontid species, Nesodon taweretus sp. nov., from the Aisol Formation in Mendoza Province, central-west Argentina. Nesodon is a frequently found Toxodontidae, member of the Notoungulata, an extinct endemic group of Cenozoic South American mammals that are ecologically similar to current hoofed ungulates. The holotype of N. taweretus sp. nov. is a skull, and we tentatively assign...
A large, isolated temnospondyl interclavicle from Rockenhausen, Rhineland-Palatinate, is described that is derived from the Early Permian Meisenheim Formation of the Saar-Nahe Basin, south-western Germany. The element resembles closely the interclavicle of the North American genus Eryops in the following characters that justify its assignment to an eryopid temnospondyl: (1) The broad-ovate shape with...
Graptolites can be identified as a group of clonal, colonial pterobranchs with numerous extinct members and a few extant ones, secreting a characteristic housing structure, the tubarium. The zooids of the extant genus Rhabdopleura can be regarded as a general model to reconstruct graptolite zooids, but may not represent precisely the soft-body anatomy of extinct taxa. The life cycle of fossil graptolites...
The original definition of the ichnospecies Pteraichnus palacieisaenzi Pascual Arribas and Sanz Pérez (Estudios Geológicos 56:73–100, 2000) failed to comply with some of the norms proposed in the most recent version of the ICZN (International code of zoological nomenclature, fourth edition 1999) for the definition of new taxa. This was an undesired consequence of the long process of its publication...
Articulated skeletal remains of tetraodontid pufferfishes are rather rare in the fossil record. To date, the only known relatively entire fossil pufferfishes are the few specimens belonging to the extinct genera Eotetraodon and Archaeotetraodon, from the Eocene and Oligo-Miocene, respectively. A new genus and species of tetraodontid pufferfish, Leithaodon sandroi gen. et sp. nov., is described herein...
Three new species of the flat bug family Aradidae from the Eocene Messel Maar are described and illustrated. Aneurus ? incertus n. sp. is a new species belonging to the extant subfamily Aneurinae. Mezira petrificata n. sp. and M. parapetrificata n. sp. are two new species belonging to the extant subfamily Mezirinae. They are compared with the specimens so far described from Messel, as well as with...
Annalepis zeilleri is one of the most frequently recorded Middle Triassic lycopsid fossils in central Europe and China. The taxon includes tongue-shaped sporophylls with a blunt to mucronate apex and an adaxial sporangium. However, little is known about the arrangement of the sporophylls and the morphology of the plant that produced them. Specimens from the Middle Triassic of Germany consist of wide...
An isolated, well-preserved tarsometatarsus of a huge aegypiine vulture from the early Pliocene (MN 15) of Pelinei, Moldova was originally described as Aegypius melitensis (Lydekker, 1890) by Tugarinov (1940:199). It was listed under Gyps melitensis by Mlíkovský (2002:189), who expressed his doubts that this fossil could actually be referred to this species. Re-examination of the specimen and more...
The faunal composition and diversity pattern of Recent benthic foraminifera from the shelf and slope of the South Western Approaches (Celtic Sea) were assessed. The sampling stations cover a depth range from 100 to 500 m. A total number of 294 species was recorded, of which 89 were found exclusively in the living fauna and 118 only in the dead assemblage, whereas 87 species were found in both assemblages...
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